Scoliosis

Scoliosis is a condition characterized by an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine. Instead of appearing straight when viewed from behind, a spine with scoliosis may resemble an “S” or “C” shape. This condition can develop at any age, but it is most commonly diagnosed during adolescence, typically around the growth spurt before puberty. Scoliosis can range from mild to severe, with more pronounced curves potentially leading to discomfort, reduced mobility, and, in extreme cases, respiratory issues.

Causes of Scoliosis

The exact cause of most cases of scoliosis is unknown, a type known as idiopathic scoliosis. However, several factors may contribute to its development:

• Genetics: Scoliosis tends to run in families, suggesting a genetic component.
• Neuromuscular Conditions: Conditions such as cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, or spinal muscular atrophy can lead to scoliosis due to muscle imbalance and weakness.
• Congenital Factors: Some individuals are born with scoliosis due to malformations in the spine during fetal development.
• Injuries or Infections: Spinal injuries or infections can damage the vertebrae, leading to curvature.

Symptoms of Scoliosis

The symptoms of scoliosis can vary based on the severity of the curvature and the age of onset. Common signs include:

• Uneven Shoulders: One shoulder may appear higher than the other.
• Prominent Shoulder Blade: One shoulder blade may stick out more than the other.
• Uneven Waist: The waist may appear uneven, with one hip higher than the other.
• Leaning to One Side: The entire body may lean to one side.
• Rib Hump: When bending forward, a hump may appear on one side of the back due to the rotation of the spine.
• Back Pain: While not always present, some individuals with scoliosis may experience back pain, especially in adulthood.